May 27, 2025
The Illusion of Understanding: What LLMs Can’t Tell You About Your Users

Customers, friends, and even the occasional coffee shop stranger often ask why I built Riley, and how it’s different from just layering ChatGPT on top of feedback. The short answer: summarization isn’t understanding. Real customer intelligence requires structured modeling, signal weighting, and triangulation. Riley was born out of that need, a need that I personally experienced.

Large language models like ChatGPT and Claude are great at summarizing text—but summarization is not understanding. These models perform text prediction using probability distributions over sequences of tokens. At their core, they compute the likelihood of the next word given the previous context using:

P(wₜ | w₁, w₂, …, wₜ₋₁)

This is powerful for language generation and summarization, but lacks structured understanding. LLMs don’t analyze relationships, weight signals, or incorporate time-series or user segmentation unless explicitly encoded into the prompt or fine-tuned with structured data.

Real customer understanding is more demanding. It’s the foundation for decisions that shape product strategy, go-to-market timing, and customer experience. To get there, you need more than undifferentiated summaries. You need to detect hidden signals, triangulate them across channels (calls, tickets, survey responses, product analytics), weight them by account impact or segment importance, and track how they shift over time.

That’s where traditional data science, not just LLMs, comes in: clustering by behavior, modeling deltas, quantifying sentiment drift, and ranking signal quality. Without that layer, you’re not learning from your customers, you’re just paraphrasing them.

Riley Features Table
Feature Why
Riley Model Update V2 Leverage a deeper, more accurate model that triangulates quantitative and qualitative data
Customer Impact Score Quickly prioritize customer insights
Market Trends Analysis Stay ahead of the competition by automatically tracking their online activity
Automated Survey Analysis Analyze survey data in seconds - no more complex pivot tables
Save Insights for Later Think an insight is interesting but not relevant right now? Save it and we'll remind you about it later
Refine Insights Write a simple prompt to have Riley's data models reanalyze your insights any way you like
Deeper Citations Easily track the sources of your insights
Commenting & Collaboration Easily discuss customer insights with your team and capture key perspectives automatically
Insights on Slack Share and discuss insights directly where your team works
Notifications Stay alerted to the most valuable insights and activities on Riley
Instant Research Plans Become a stronger researcher by letting Riley coach you on your research plan
Onboarding Guide Learn how to use Riley from your very first login
Security Improvements Keep your customer and research data safe on Riley
Performance Improvements Analyze data and generate insights faster than ever

Riley Thinks Beyond the Summary

LLMs are good at rewording. But they don'tknow what to weigh, what to ignore, or how signals evolve over time. This is why when building Riley, we spent time developing algorithms to help you easily apply the following to your data:


I ran a dataset of user interviews, surveys, competitive analysis, and sales churn data through both an LLM and Riley’s insight engine. Here’s how the outputs compare:

Prompt Hacking Isn’t Strategy

Fine-tuning GPT or writing structured prompts can surface summarized insights, but the approach is fragile, static, and doesn’t scale. Fine-tuning locks you into outdated snapshots; prompt engineering forces users to hard-code logic for weighting, segmentation, and trend detection. LLMs aren’t built to model relationships or change, Riley’s models are. They’re purpose-built to help you understand what matters, when it matters, and how to act before anyone else does.

Riley isn’t just LLM built on top of a spreadsheet or repository. It’s a full-stack data science engine that learns and evolves with your business, helping you gain clarity, prioritize what moves the needle, and turn insight into impact.

Claudia is the CEO & Co-Founder of Riley AI. Prior to founding Riley AI, Claudia led product, research, and data science teams across the Enterprise and Financial Technology space. Her product strategies led to a $5B total valuation, a successful international acquisition, and scaled organizations to multi-million dollars in revenue. Claudia is passionate about making data-driven strategies collaborative and accessible to every single organization.Claudia completed her MBA and Bachelor degrees at the University of California, Berkeley.

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